Vaginal bleeding that starts a year or more after your last menstrual cycle is known as postmenopausal bleeding. It may be a sign of polyps (noncancerous growths), vaginal dryness, or other abnormalities in your reproductive system. Bleeding after menopause is a symptom of uterine cancer in 10% of women. After menopause, bleeding is referred to as postmenopausal bleeding. When a woman enters menopause, her monthly menstrual cycles end and her reproductive hormones start to decline (this usually happens about age 51). It's not usual for a woman to experience vaginal bleeding more than a year after her last menstruation. There may be minor (spotting) or severe bleeding. The following factors can be used to determine the cause of the bleeding: Exam of the cervix and vagina by your healthcare physician. inspect the cervical cells using a pap smear. A saline solution may be used during an ultrasound, which is often performed via a vaginal approach, to help the doctor better see any uterine polyps. endometrial or uterine biopsy. During this operation, your doctor carefully inserts a tiny, straw-like tube into the uterus to collect cells and check them for abnormalities. This is done at work and can result in cramps.
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